Module java.desktop
Package java.awt.color

Class ColorSpace

  • All Implemented Interfaces:
    Serializable
    Direct Known Subclasses:
    ICC_ColorSpace
    public abstract class ColorSpace
extends Object
implements Serializable
    This abstract class is used to serve as a color space tag to identify the specific color space of a Color object or, via a ColorModel object, of an Image, a BufferedImage, or a GraphicsDevice. It contains methods that transform colors in a specific color space to/from sRGB and to/from a well-defined CIEXYZ color space.

    For purposes of the methods in this class, colors are represented as arrays of color components represented as floats in a normalized range defined by each ColorSpace. For many ColorSpaces (e.g. sRGB), this range is 0.0 to 1.0. However, some ColorSpaces have components whose values have a different range. Methods are provided to inquire per component minimum and maximum normalized values.

    Several variables are defined for purposes of referring to color space types (e.g. TYPE_RGB, TYPE_XYZ, etc.) and to refer to specific color spaces (e.g. CS_sRGB and CS_CIEXYZ). sRGB is a proposed standard RGB color space. For more information, see http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html .

    The purpose of the methods to transform to/from the well-defined CIEXYZ color space is to support conversions between any two color spaces at a reasonably high degree of accuracy. It is expected that particular implementations of subclasses of ColorSpace (e.g. ICC_ColorSpace) will support high performance conversion based on underlying platform color management systems.

    The CS_CIEXYZ space used by the toCIEXYZ/fromCIEXYZ methods can be described as follows: 

    
      CIEXYZ
      viewing illuminance: 200 lux
      viewing white point: CIE D50
      media white point: "that of a perfectly reflecting diffuser" -- D50
      media black point: 0 lux or 0 Reflectance
      flare: 1 percent
      surround: 20percent of the media white point
      media description: reflection print (i.e., RLAB, Hunt viewing media)
      note: For developers creating an ICC profile for this conversion
            space, the following is applicable.  Use a simple Von Kries
            white point adaptation folded into the 3X3 matrix parameters
            and fold the flare and surround effects into the three
            one-dimensional lookup tables (assuming one uses the minimal
            model for monitors).

    See Also:
    ICC_ColorSpace, Serialized Form

    • Field Summary

      Fields 
      Modifier and Type Field Description
      static int CS_CIEXYZ
      The CIEXYZ conversion color space defined above.
      static int CS_GRAY
      The built-in linear gray scale color space.
      static int CS_LINEAR_RGB
      A built-in linear RGB color space.
      static int CS_PYCC
      The Photo YCC conversion color space.
      static int CS_sRGB
      The sRGB color space defined at http://www.w3.org/pub/WWW/Graphics/Color/sRGB.html .
      static int TYPE_2CLR
      Generic 2 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_3CLR
      Generic 3 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_4CLR
      Generic 4 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_5CLR
      Generic 5 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_6CLR
      Generic 6 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_7CLR
      Generic 7 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_8CLR
      Generic 8 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_9CLR
      Generic 9 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_ACLR
      Generic 10 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_BCLR
      Generic 11 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_CCLR
      Generic 12 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_CMY
      Any of the family of CMY color spaces.
      static int TYPE_CMYK
      Any of the family of CMYK color spaces.
      static int TYPE_DCLR
      Generic 13 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_ECLR
      Generic 14 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_FCLR
      Generic 15 component color spaces.
      static int TYPE_GRAY
      Any of the family of GRAY color spaces.
      static int TYPE_HLS
      Any of the family of HLS color spaces.
      static int TYPE_HSV
      Any of the family of HSV color spaces.
      static int TYPE_Lab
      Any of the family of Lab color spaces.
      static int TYPE_Luv
      Any of the family of Luv color spaces.
      static int TYPE_RGB
      Any of the family of RGB color spaces.
      static int TYPE_XYZ
      Any of the family of XYZ color spaces.
      static int TYPE_YCbCr
      Any of the family of YCbCr color spaces.
      static int TYPE_Yxy
      Any of the family of Yxy color spaces.

    • Constructor Summary

      Constructors 
      Modifier Constructor Description
      protected ColorSpace​(int type, int numcomponents)
      Constructs a ColorSpace object given a color space type and the number of components.

    • Method Summary

      All Methods Static Methods Instance Methods Abstract Methods Concrete Methods 
      Modifier and Type Method Description
      abstract float[] fromCIEXYZ​(float[] colorvalue)
      Transforms a color value assumed to be in the CS_CIEXYZ conversion color space into this ColorSpace.
      abstract float[] fromRGB​(float[] rgbvalue)
      Transforms a color value assumed to be in the default CS_sRGB color space into this ColorSpace.
      static ColorSpace getInstance​(int colorspace)
      Returns a ColorSpace representing one of the specific predefined color spaces.
      float getMaxValue​(int component)
      Returns the maximum normalized color component value for the specified component.
      float getMinValue​(int component)
      Returns the minimum normalized color component value for the specified component.
      String getName​(int idx)
      Returns the name of the component given the component index.
      int getNumComponents()
      Returns the number of components of this ColorSpace.
      int getType()
      Returns the color space type of this ColorSpace (for example TYPE_RGB, TYPE_XYZ, ...).
      boolean isCS_sRGB()
      Returns true if the ColorSpace is CS_sRGB.
      abstract float[] toCIEXYZ​(float[] colorvalue)
      Transforms a color value assumed to be in this ColorSpace into the CS_CIEXYZ conversion color space.
      abstract float[] toRGB​(float[] colorvalue)
      Transforms a color value assumed to be in this ColorSpace into a value in the default CS_sRGB color space.

    • Constructor Detail

      • ColorSpace

        protected ColorSpace​(int type,
                     int numcomponents)
        Constructs a ColorSpace object given a color space type and the number of components.
        Parameters:
        type - one of the ColorSpace type constants
        numcomponents - the number of components in the color space

    • Method Detail

      • getInstance

        public static ColorSpace getInstance​(int colorspace)
        Returns a ColorSpace representing one of the specific predefined color spaces.
        Parameters:
        colorspace - a specific color space identified by one of the predefined class constants (e.g. CS_sRGB, CS_LINEAR_RGB, CS_CIEXYZ, CS_GRAY, or CS_PYCC)
        Returns:
        the requested ColorSpace object

      • isCS_sRGB

        public boolean isCS_sRGB()
        Returns true if the ColorSpace is CS_sRGB.
        Returns:
        true if this is a CS_sRGB color space, false if it is not

      • toRGB

        public abstract float[] toRGB​(float[] colorvalue)
        Transforms a color value assumed to be in this ColorSpace into a value in the default CS_sRGB color space.

        This method transforms color values using algorithms designed to produce the best perceptual match between input and output colors. In order to do colorimetric conversion of color values, you should use the toCIEXYZ method of this color space to first convert from the input color space to the CS_CIEXYZ color space, and then use the fromCIEXYZ method of the CS_sRGB color space to convert from CS_CIEXYZ to the output color space. See toCIEXYZ and fromCIEXYZ for further information.

        Parameters:
        colorvalue - a float array with length of at least the number of components in this ColorSpace
        Returns:
        a float array of length 3
        Throws:
        ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if array length is not at least the number of components in this ColorSpace

      • fromRGB

        public abstract float[] fromRGB​(float[] rgbvalue)
        Transforms a color value assumed to be in the default CS_sRGB color space into this ColorSpace.

        This method transforms color values using algorithms designed to produce the best perceptual match between input and output colors. In order to do colorimetric conversion of color values, you should use the toCIEXYZ method of the CS_sRGB color space to first convert from the input color space to the CS_CIEXYZ color space, and then use the fromCIEXYZ method of this color space to convert from CS_CIEXYZ to the output color space. See toCIEXYZ and fromCIEXYZ for further information.

        Parameters:
        rgbvalue - a float array with length of at least 3
        Returns:
        a float array with length equal to the number of components in this ColorSpace
        Throws:
        ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if array length is not at least 3

      • toCIEXYZ

        public abstract float[] toCIEXYZ​(float[] colorvalue)
        Transforms a color value assumed to be in this ColorSpace into the CS_CIEXYZ conversion color space.

        This method transforms color values using relative colorimetry, as defined by the International Color Consortium standard. This means that the XYZ values returned by this method are represented relative to the D50 white point of the CS_CIEXYZ color space. This representation is useful in a two-step color conversion process in which colors are transformed from an input color space to CS_CIEXYZ and then to an output color space. This representation is not the same as the XYZ values that would be measured from the given color value by a colorimeter. A further transformation is necessary to compute the XYZ values that would be measured using current CIE recommended practices. See the toCIEXYZ method of ICC_ColorSpace for further information.

        Parameters:
        colorvalue - a float array with length of at least the number of components in this ColorSpace
        Returns:
        a float array of length 3
        Throws:
        ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if array length is not at least the number of components in this ColorSpace.

      • fromCIEXYZ

        public abstract float[] fromCIEXYZ​(float[] colorvalue)
        Transforms a color value assumed to be in the CS_CIEXYZ conversion color space into this ColorSpace.

        This method transforms color values using relative colorimetry, as defined by the International Color Consortium standard. This means that the XYZ argument values taken by this method are represented relative to the D50 white point of the CS_CIEXYZ color space. This representation is useful in a two-step color conversion process in which colors are transformed from an input color space to CS_CIEXYZ and then to an output color space. The color values returned by this method are not those that would produce the XYZ value passed to the method when measured by a colorimeter. If you have XYZ values corresponding to measurements made using current CIE recommended practices, they must be converted to D50 relative values before being passed to this method. See the fromCIEXYZ method of ICC_ColorSpace for further information.

        Parameters:
        colorvalue - a float array with length of at least 3
        Returns:
        a float array with length equal to the number of components in this ColorSpace
        Throws:
        ArrayIndexOutOfBoundsException - if array length is not at least 3

      • getType

        public int getType()
        Returns the color space type of this ColorSpace (for example TYPE_RGB, TYPE_XYZ, ...). The type defines the number of components of the color space and the interpretation, e.g. TYPE_RGB identifies a color space with three components - red, green, and blue. It does not define the particular color characteristics of the space, e.g. the chromaticities of the primaries.
        Returns:
        the type constant that represents the type of this ColorSpace

      • getNumComponents

        public int getNumComponents()
        Returns the number of components of this ColorSpace.
        Returns:
        The number of components in this ColorSpace.

      • getName

        public String getName​(int idx)
        Returns the name of the component given the component index.
        Parameters:
        idx - the component index
        Returns:
        the name of the component at the specified index
        Throws:
        IllegalArgumentException - if idx is less than 0 or greater than numComponents - 1

      • getMinValue

        public float getMinValue​(int component)
        Returns the minimum normalized color component value for the specified component. The default implementation in this abstract class returns 0.0 for all components. Subclasses should override this method if necessary.
        Parameters:
        component - the component index
        Returns:
        the minimum normalized component value
        Throws:
        IllegalArgumentException - if component is less than 0 or greater than numComponents - 1
        Since:
        1.4

      • getMaxValue

        public float getMaxValue​(int component)
        Returns the maximum normalized color component value for the specified component. The default implementation in this abstract class returns 1.0 for all components. Subclasses should override this method if necessary.
        Parameters:
        component - the component index
        Returns:
        the maximum normalized component value
        Throws:
        IllegalArgumentException - if component is less than 0 or greater than numComponents - 1
        Since:
        1.4